ABSTRACT
Abstract Purpose To evaluate the use of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) in reducing the necrosis area in an experimental model of cutaneous ischemic flap in rats submitted to subcutaneous nicotine injection to simulate a smoker patient. Methods In an experimental study, 30 rats were enrolled and divided into two experimental groups of 15 animals all submitted to a subcutaneous nicotine injection to create ischemic cutaneous flaps on their backs. Other 10 animals were used only to obtain adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSC). The first group (n=15) received ADSC treatment at the end of surgery while the other group, the control (n=15), received no other interventions. After euthanasia, a decal was performed on the whole area of the flap, accurately defining the transition from necrosis to healthy region. Photos of all animals were collected and evaluated by scales standardized by Paint-Autocad- 2015 software to define the area of flap necrosis in each rat. Student T test was performed to compare the groups, considering a p< 0.05 significant. Data were analyzed using SPSS IBM® 18 version. Results Through the analysis of the images by the program Paint-Autocad-2015 and the area of decal obtained by the transparent sheet, we obtained a mean of 46% necrosis of the total area of the flap in the treatment group and 69.4% in the control group. In the descriptive analysis, a mean of 3.7 cm of necrosis CI 95% (3.2 - 4.2) was evident in the treatment group whereas a mean value of 5.56 CI 95% (5.2 - 5.9) was found in control group, with p value <0.001 for this comparison. Conclusion The application of adipose-derived stem cells reduces the percentage of necrosis in an experimental model of randomized cutaneous flap in rats submitted to subcutaneous nicotine injection.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Adipose Tissue/transplantation , Cicatrix/therapy , Adipocytes/transplantation , Necrosis/prevention & control , Nicotine/adverse effects , Disease Models, Animal , Graft Survival , Necrosis/chemically induced , Nicotine/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Background: Laparoscopic surgery is a reality in almost all surgical centers. Although with initial greater technical difficulty for surgeons, the rapid return to activities, less postoperative pain and higher quality aesthetic stimulates surgeons to evolve technically in this area. However, unlike open surgery where learning opportunities are more accessible, the laparoscopic training represents a challenge in surgeon formation.Aim:To present a low cost model for laparoscopic training box. Methods: This model is based in easily accessible materials; the equipment can be easily found based on chrome mini jet and passes rubber thread and a webcam attached to an aluminum handle. Results: It can be finalized in two days costing R$ 280,00 (US$ 90). Conclusion: It is possible to stimulate a larger number of surgeons to have self training in laparoscopy at low cost seeking to improve their surgical skills outside the operating room.
Racional:A cirurgia laparoscópica já é realidade em praticamente todos os centros cirúrgicos. Muito embora haja maior dificuldade técnica, o rápido retorno às atividades, menor dor pós-operatória e maior qualidade estética estimulam os cirurgiões a evoluírem tecnicamente nesta área. Porém, ao contrário das operações abertas onde as oportunidades de aprendizagem são mais acessíveis, o treinamento laparoscópico acaba sendo desafio ao longo da formação de um cirurgião.Objetivo:Apresentar um modelo de caixa de treinamento laparoscópico de baixo custo. Métodos:Foram utilizados materiais de fácil acesso, mini jato cromado, passa fios de borracha e uma webcam acoplada a um cabo de alumínio.Resultados:A white box foi produzida em dois dias com custo de R$ 280,00. Conclusão:É possível estimular o treinamento de maior número de cirurgiões na formação laparoscópica a baixo custo e buscar aperfeiçoamento de suas habilidades cirúrgicas fora do centro cirúrgico.
Subject(s)
Education, Medical/methods , Laparoscopy/economics , Laparoscopy/education , Simulation Training , Costs and Cost AnalysisABSTRACT
A epidemiologia do infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST(IAMCST) tem se modificado nos últimos anos, com incidência maior em jovens. Nosso objetivo foi comparar o perfil clínico, laboratorial e angiográfico, e os desfechos clínicos em 30 dias de pacientes ≤ 40 anos àqueles > 40 anos submetidos à intervenção coronária percutânea primária (ICPp).Métodos: Estudo de coorte prospectivo com pacientes consecutivos submetidos à ICPp entre 2009 e 2011. Resultados: No período, 1.055 pacientes foram incluídos, sendo identificados 3,3% com ≤ 40 anos. Pacientes jovens eram mais frequentemente negros, tabagistas e com história familiar de doença coronária, e menos frequentemente hipertensos e dislipidêmicos. Nos pacientes ≤ 40 anos, a dosagem de leucócitos e da troponina ultrassensível na admissão foi maior, e a lipoproteína de alta densidade-colesterol, menor.A artéria descendente anterior como vaso culpado e a fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo não foramdiferentes entre os grupos. Apesar de o fluxo TIMI 3 pré ser similar, os jovens mostraram maior prevalênciade blush miocárdico 3 pré-procedimento. O tempo porta-balão foi menor nos pacientes mais jovens (1,0 hora [0,8-1,4 hora] vs. 1,3 hora [0,9-1,7 hora]; p = 0,03). Em 30 dias, os pacientes ≤ 40 anos apresentaram mortalidade de 0% vs. 8,8% nos pacientes > 40 anos (p = 0,07). Conclusões: Pacientes ≤ 40 anos com IAMCST e submetidos à ICPp apresentam diferenças nos perfis clínico,angiográfico e do procedimento quando comparados àqueles > 40 anos. Nesta análise, representativa da prática médica atual, a mortalidade em 30 dias desses pacientes foi muito baixa...
The epidemiology of acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation (STEMI) has been modified in recent years, focusing on young people. Our goal was compare the clinical profile, laboratory, angiographic, and 30-day clinical outcomes of patients ≤ 40 years with those > 40 years undergoingprimary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Methods: Prospective cohort study of consecutive patients undergoing pPCI between 2009 and 2011. Results: A total of 1,055 patients were included, 3.3% of them ≤ 40 years. Young patients were more often black, smokers and with a family history of coronary artery disease, and less often hypertensive and dyslipidemic.In patients ≤ 40 years, leukocyte count and ultrasensitive troponin levels at admission were higher, and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, lower. The left anterior descending artery as a culprit vessel and left ventricular ejection fraction did not differ between groups. Although the TIMI 3 flow pre-intervention was similar, young people showed higher prevalence of myocardial blush 3 pre-procedure. The door-to-balloon time was lower in younger patients (1.0 hour [0.8-1.4 hour] vs. 1.3 hour [0.9-1.7 hour]; p = 0.03). At 30 days, patients ≤ 40 years had a mortality of 0% vs. 8.8% for patients > 40 years (p = 0.07). Conclusions: Patients ≤ 40 years with STEMI and undergoing pPCI show differences in clinical, angiographic and procedural characteristics compared to those > 40 years. In this analysis, representative of the current medical practice, the 30-day mortality of these patients was very low...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Adolescent , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , Patients , Health Profile , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
INTRODUÇÃO: Existem poucos estudos contemporâneos avaliando o implante de stent direto em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAM). Método: Estudo de coorte prospectivo com pacientes consecutivamente atendidos com IAM em um centro de referêncioa em cardiologia entre dezembro de 2009 e janeiro de 2010. Dados clínicos e laboratoriais, características angiográficas e evolução hospitalar foram avaliados. Foram excluídos pacientes com mais de 12 horas de evolução, com menos de 18 anos de idade ou por recusa em participar do estudo. Os pacientes submetidos a implante de stent direto foram comparados àqueles tratados com pré-dilatação. Os dados foram armazenados em banco de dados dedicado e analisados com SPSS 17.0. Resultados: No período de estudo, 98 pacientes foram submetidos a angioplastia primária, dos quais em 33 (34,7 por cento) foi implantado stent direto e em 65 (65,3 por cento) foi realizada pré-dilatação. A média de idade dos 98 pacientes foi de 58,6 +- 10,6 anos e 63 por cento eram do sexo masculino. Os procedimentos com stent direto foram menos frequentes em lesões calcificadas (9 por cento vs. 30 por cento; P + 0,02) e mais frequentes naqueles com TIMI 3 pré-procedimento (41 por cento vs. 18 por cento; P=0,06), sendo a tromboaspiração...
BACKGROUND: There are few contemporary studies assessing direct stenting in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (AMI). METHOD: Prospective cohort study in consecutive patients with AMI seen at a reference cardiology center from December 2009 to January 2010. Clinical and laboratory data, angiographic characteristics and hospital outcomes were evaluated. Patients with over 12 hours of symptom onset, with less than 18 years of age and those who denied participating in the study were excluded. Patients undergoing direct stenting were compared to those treated with stent with balloon pre-dilatation. Data were entered in a dedicated database and analyzed by SPSS 17.0. RESULTS: During the study period, 98 patients were submitted to primary angioplasty, of which 33 (34.7%) received direct stenting and 65 (65.3%) underwent stent with balloon pre-dilatation. Mean age was 58.6 ± 10.6 years and 63% were men. Direct stenting was less frequent in calcified lesions (9% vs. 30%; P = 0.02) and more frequent in those with TIMI 3 before the procedure (41% vs. 18%; P = 0.06) and thrombus aspiration was more frequently used in these cases (41% vs. 14%; P = 0.003). There was no statistically significant difference for the clinical outcome in both groups of patients. CONCLUSION: Direct stenting was more frequently used in patients with normal flow prior the procedure and in combination with thrombus aspiration and less used in calcified lesions. It was not associated to significant differences in clinical outcome rates.